**Confederate Regular Issues & Stampless Period continued...**
LotNo.	Symbol	CatNo.	Lot Description
141			El Paso, Texas black “PAID” (10) rate handstamp with matching “El Paso Tex. Nov 19” (1861) cds on stampless cover addressed to Moke & Brother, San Antonio, Texas. Light wear and minor edge faults typical of western-theater Confederate mail, still a fine and scarce usage. Sent approximately 550 miles from far-west Texas to San Antonio, this cover bears the 10¢ Confederate single-weight rate for distances over 500 miles. It represents a desirable Confederate-period El Paso usage, posted during the brief interval (April 1861–August 1862) in which the Confederate Army controlled the town following the Federal evacuation of Fort Bliss. The addressees, Moke & Brother, operated as San Antonio merchants and, at the time of this mailing, also held the sutler concession at Fort Davis - an isolated outpost along the trans-Pecos military road between San Antonio and El Paso. The cover’s date places it shortly after Confederate General Henry Sibley’s ragged brigade passed through Fort Davis on its march toward New Mexico, stripping the post of virtually all provisions. It is quite possible that this letter was connected in some way to that turbulent resupply situation. El Paso was the westernmost Confederate post office to use a "PAID" handstamp marking. A truly scarce usage with only a few El Paso PAID handstamped covers known - illustrating the extreme geographic reach of early-war Confederate postal operations and the logistical challenges of maintaining communication across the remote trans-Pecos frontier. Ex Agre. (Image) Get Market Data for [United States (Confederate States) 10] View Visual Pricing Guide Make Sample Census	Current Opening Price...$500.00 Will close during Public Auction
142			Houston, Texas stampless soldier's cover bearing manuscript “Due” with “10” handstamp alongside black "Houston, Tex Jan 2?" cds. The upper left bears the contemporary sender’s endorsement “From J. P. Osterhout / Adjt 4th Tex. S. T.” (Texas State Troops). A non-contemporary pen notation reading “Jan. 1864” appears at center; this is almost certainly a later reference to the original letter’s date, now absent. Light staining, but still a nice example of a solder's endorsed cover with Houston cds sent within Texas. The sender, John Patterson Osterhout (1826–1903), was a prominent Austin County lawyer and newspaper publisher (The Bellville Countryman) who played an active role in Texas militia and early Confederate support efforts. Service records preserved by the University of North Texas Libraries (Portal to Texas History) document Osterhout’s honorable discharge following six months’ service in Captain J. W. McDade’s Company, recruited from Austin County and assigned to Major King’s 3rd Battalion, during the formative period before Texas units were formally numbered (December 5, 1861 to April 25, 1862). Following this discharge, Osterhout clearly continued service in an administrative capacity, acting as an adjutant in support of the 4th Texas State Troops, as confirmed by the endorsement on this cover. Signed by John L. Kimbrough and dated/inspected on three occasions, most recently 4-30-2008. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
143			San Antonio, Texas stampless cover bearing bold red “PAID 5” handstamp (Type C) with matching blue “San Antonio, Tex. Nov 29” (1861) cds, addressed to Hon. T. J. Word, Palestine, Texas. Striking two-color franking - red rate marking and blue cds. Slight reduction at right and sealed horizontal edge tear at right center, still fine appearance overall. From the Word correspondence and related to the Army of New Mexico (Sibley Expedition). Although no endorsement appears on the cover, handwriting comparison with other letters in the correspondence confirms the sender as Major Alexander M. Jackson, Assistant Adjutant General and aide-de-camp to General Henry H. Sibley. The cover was dispatched from San Antonio while Confederate forces were assembling prior to their movement toward Fort Bliss and the ill-fated New Mexico campaign. This usage is illustrated and discussed in detail in the “Confederate New Mexico” section (p. 390) of the Collector’s Guide to Confederate Philately, Second Edition. A desirable and historically important Sibley Expedition-related Texas usage from the opening months of the Confederacy. (Image) Get Market Data for [United States (Confederate States) Type C] View Visual Pricing Guide Make Sample Census	Current Opening Price...$400.00 Will close during Public Auction
144			San Augustine, Texas stampless folded letter datelined July 23, 1861, bearing red “San Augustine, Tex. Jul 24” (1861) cds and matching red “PAID 10” handstamp at upper right, addressed to John R. Green, Esq., Hopkinsville, Christian City, Kentucky. Manuscript endorsement at left “ordering draft" with the letter conveying typical business correspondence of the period. The red “PAID 10” reflects the Confederate 10-cent rate instituted June 1, 1861, for distances over 500 miles, applicable here for mail carried from eastern Texas to Kentucky during the opening months of hostilities. San Augustine, one of the oldest towns in Texas and an important East Texas postal point, handled significant early-war correspondence moving eastward across Louisiana and Mississippi toward the upper South. Covers from this early July 1861 period - immediately following implementation of the new Confederate rate structure - are particularly desirable as they document the rapid establishment of Confederate postal authority in the Trans-Mississippi region. A black “C.S.A.” handstamp appears at top center. The accompanying CSA certificate declines to render an opinion as to the status or origin of this marking. Regardless, the red San Augustine cds and matching “PAID 10” handstamp represent fine attributes of this early Confederate Texas usage. With 2000 Confederate Stamp Alliance certificate. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
145			Culpeper Court House, Virginia stampless cover with black “PAID" & "5” handstamps struck alongside partial “Culpeper C.H. Va. 1861” cds addressed to “Capt. C. M. Stigleman, Floyd Rifles, Tudor Hall, R.W., Cty Va.” Light tone spots, still fine, with strong military and regimental significance. The addressee, Dr. Calohill M. Stigleman, was a physician who became an officer in the Floyd Riflemen, a volunteer company raised in central Virginia during the spring of 1861. The Floyd Riflemen were subsequently incorporated as Company A of the 24th Virginia Infantry Regiment, a unit that would see extensive service with the Army of Northern Virginia. The 24th Virginia Infantry, organized in May 1861, served continuously in the Eastern Theater and participated in many of the war’s major engagements, including First Manassas, the Peninsula Campaign, Antietam, Gettysburg, the Overland Campaign, and the defense of Petersburg. Officers such as Stigleman embodied the early-war transition from civilian professional life to military leadership that characterized many Confederate volunteer units. The “PAID" & "5” handstamps reflect the standard Confederate single-weight rate paid in cash, a practice especially common in the war’s opening months before adhesive stamps became universally available. Culpeper Court House itself would soon emerge as a strategic logistical and operational center, repeatedly occupied by both armies and intimately connected to the movements of Confederate forces in northern and central Virginia. A fine and historically rich Confederate soldier’s cover, uniting early-war cash-paid postage, a key Virginia county seat, and direct association with an identified officer of the 24th Virginia Infantry - a fine example of wartime postal operations and Confederate military correspondence. Ex Wiseman, initialed by James Taff. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
146			Fredericksburg, Virginia stampless mourning cover bearing Fredericksburg integral "PAID” cds alongside “10” rate handstamp, addressed to Lieut. R. L. Maury, Savannah, Georgia, with docketing at upper left “Chg. Box 41 / W.T.W.” and Roman numeral “XLIV” centered at top. In 1861, the 10c rate marking demonstrates pre-payment for a cover sent over 500 miles. This cover is part of the well-documented Maury correspondence, in which Roman numerals were routinely applied by the sender as a sequential recording system. Based on comparative examples within the same correspondence - most notably XLII, associated with an August 14, 1861 cover, and XLIX, tied to a September 24, 1861 date - the present cover numbered XLIV is most plausibly dated to September 1861, with September 17, 1861 representing a highly likely placement within the sequence. The "17" is most clearly visible in the Fredericksburg cds. At this early stage of the war, Maury was serving as a junior officer, prior to his promotion to Major later in 1861. A scarce and highly desirable early-war Maury correspondence cover, notable for its documented internal sequencing, early Confederate postal usage, and strong personal association with one of the Army of Northern Virginia’s later senior field officers, very fine. Signed by Roger H. Oswald on reverse. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
147			Martinsville, Virginia stampless cover with black handstamped “PAID 5” (altered Dietz Type II from “PAID 3” in circle), clearly struck at upper right alongside “Martinsville, Va. Feb 9” (1862) cds addressed to Mr. C. Y. Thomas (Senate), Richmond, Va. Light manuscript docketing at top reads “Col. J. Griggs / 8th Feb 1862”. Martinsville was one of approximately fifteen Confederate post offices documented as having altered pre-war U.S. “PAID 3” handstamps for Confederate service, modifying them to reflect the 5c Confederate letter rate introduced in June 1861. This example shows the characteristic alteration, with the original circular “PAID 3” device reworked to read “PAID 5,” a practical expedient reflecting the material shortages and local improvisation of the early Confederate postal system. The addressee, Virginia State Senator C. Y. Thomas, was representing Henry, Patrick and Franklin counties, and the manuscript docketing indicates the cover contained correspondence from Colonel J. Griggs, dated one day prior to mailing. The notation “No answer required” reinforces the administrative nature of the communication, making this a representative example of Confederate governmental mail rather than personal correspondence. A scarce and instructive altered-handstamp Confederate cover, illustrating the transition from inherited U.S. postal devices to Confederate postal operations at a small Virginia office. Ex Thayer, signed by John L. Kimbrough (9-30-2007). (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
148			Monterey, Virginia black “10” handstamp on a soldier's due-cover with matching "Monterey, Va Aug 25" (1861) cds addressed to Mrs. M. L. Stephens, Forsyth, Georgia, endorsed at upper right “Lt. J. T. Stephens, Co. K, 1st Geo. Regt., Conf S. Vol.” Clean strikes on a fresh orange envelope with only light edge wear, a fine and appealing early-war Confederate soldier’s-letter use from western Virginia. This cover was sent by Lt. John T. Stephens of Company K, 1st Georgia Regiment, then stationed at Camp Bartow in the mountains of western Virginia during the Army of the Northwest campaign. Confederate forces had retreated to Monterey and the surrounding highlands following Brig. Gen. Robert Garnett’s death in July 1861. During August and September, units of the 1st Georgia operated in this region before later fighting at Cheat Mountain under General Robert E. Lee. The address is to Mrs. Margaret L. Stephens, the 27-year-old wife of Lt. Stephens. Stephens properly endorsed the letter so it could be sent without prepayment under the Confederate soldier’s-letter privilege established by Congress on July 29, 1861. Under that regulation, enlisted soldiers and officers serving in Confederate units were permitted to send mail unpaid so long as they included their rank and unit on the cover. Postage was collected from the recipient upon delivery. Although soldiers' due covers of this period often bear a manuscript “Due” notation, the Monterey clerk did not apply one here. The clear “10” handstamp correctly represents the Confederate single-letter rate for a distance greater than 500 miles, as the route from Monterey to Forsyth is approximately 590 miles. Lt. Stephens mustered out of service in March 1862, with no record of subsequent military duty. A desirable early Confederate soldier’s due cover from western Virginia, combining a nice Monterey postmark, correct unpaid rating, and identifiable regimental endorsement from the 1st Georgia Regiment during its first campaign in the mountains of Virginia. Signed by John L. Kimbrough (9-4-2006). (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
149			Norfolk, Virginia blue “PAID 10 C” in-circle rate handstamp with matching “Norfolk Va. Nov 23, 1861" cds on a civilian Flag-of-Truce inner envelope addressed to Dr. Diffenderffer in Alexandria, Louisiana. Manuscript “Postage inside” and “Ex(amine)d” notations applied by the Union exchange clerk at Fortress Monroe confirm proper handling and approval for through-the-lines transmission. Slight cover toning at right, but still a fine example of early Trans-Mississippi civilian truce mail. Sent during the brief window in late 1861 when all communication with Confederate territory required adherence to strict Flag-of-Truce protocols, this inner envelope entered the Confederate mails at Norfolk after transfer by mail boat from Old Point Comfort (Fortress Monroe). The clear “PAID 10 C” marking indicates full Confederate postage prepayment for a distance of more than 500 miles. The distance from Norfolk to Alexandria, Louisiana is nearly 1,000 miles. The discarded outer envelope prevents a definitive identification of origin, but contemporary evidence strongly suggests Baltimore, Maryland, where the addressee, Dr. Diffenderffer, maintained a medical practice as late as 1860 and where members of the Diffenderffer family continued to reside after the war began. A desirable and scarce civilian Through-the-Lines usage exhibiting all the key elements of properly processed Flag-of-Truce mail including Union examiner’s endorsements, Confederate entry markings, and correct 10c postage paid marking - an excellent representative of early wartime east-to-west communication across opposing lines. Signed by John L. Kimbrough (1-4-2009). (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
150			Petersburg, Virginia blue straightline “PAID” and bold “10-in-circle" rate handstamp with matching pre-war "Petersburg, Va Sep 1 5cts" (1861) integral-rate cds on stampless cover featuring R. A. Young & Brother, Grocers & General Commission Merchants cameo corner-card and addressed to Carroll, Hoy & Co., New Orleans. The 1861 year-date is established by the distinctive pre-war 5¢-integral-rate cds, known to have been used in Petersburg only during 1861. Usual filing pinholes from Hoy & Co correspondence but otherwise a fine and attractive commercial Confederate use. Sent nearly 1,000 miles from Petersburg to the Carroll, Hoy & Co. trading house in New Orleans, this cover reflects the significant volume of intra-Confederate commercial correspondence that persisted even in the opening months of the war. Because pre-war datestamps showing the “5 cts” rate were still in service, the Petersburg postmaster supplemented the obsolete marking with fresh Confederate “PAID” and “10” rate devices to indicate proper postage for a single-weight letter traveling more than 500 miles. The envelope bears the bold cameo corner card of R. A. Young & Brother, one of Petersburg’s prominent commission merchants. Hundreds of covers to Carroll, Hoy & Co. are known from across the South, but comparatively few combine a pre-war integral-rate cds, full suite of Confederate rate markings, and an embossed merchant’s corner card. A fine & desirable early Confederate commercial usage - illustrating the transition from U.S. postal devices to Confederate rate practices while preserving the visual appeal of a pre-war cameo advertising envelope. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
151			Plantersville, Virginia manuscript postmark dated “Sept 27, 61 Plantersville, Va” at top left with matching manuscript “Paid 5” Confederate rate marking on cover addressed to Edward J. Gregory, Care Capt O J Wise R.L.I.B (Richmond Light Infantry Blues), 2nd Reg. Wise' Legion, Lewisburg, Va. Forwarded from Lewisburg, Va. with partially erased manuscript “For(wd)” and re-direction to Richmond; upon arrival in Richmond a handstamped due “5” was applied to collect forwarding postage, along with clear “Richmond Va. Oct 18, 1861” cds and matching “ADVERTISED 2” fancy oval handstamp. Backflap missing and edge wear present from handling during forwarding, still a highly appealing and complex usage showing handling by three different Confederate post offices. This cover began in the small community of Plantersville, Virginia, located 90 miles southwest of Richmond. The addressee, Edward J. Gregory, age 27 and thought to be a native of Plantersville, had enlisted that April as a private in Company A of the 46th Virginia Infantry, also known as Wise’s Legion. Gregory would be promoted through the ranks, ultimately becoming 1st Lieutenant, before surrendering with the Army of Northern Virginia at Appomattox Court House in 1865. Upon entry at the Richmond post office on October 18, 1861, clerks correctly added the due "5” marking since the Lewisburg postmaster had failed to charge the forwarding postage. The “ADVERTISED 2” handstamp indicates the letter was publicly listed as unclaimed before being taken up or forwarded. A scarce and desirable multi-town Confederate forwarded cover, illustrating the confusion of troop movements, the improvisational nature of early-war postal handling, and the intersecting manuscript and handstamped markings applied in three different Virginia postal jurisdictions during the autumn of 1861. Ex Williams. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
152			Richmond, Virginia black two-line “PAID 5 Cts” handstamp with matching Richmond cds on an advertising corner-card stampless cover featuring an ornate blue embossed ribbon design for “Tyler & Son, General Commission Merchants, 134 Cary St., Richmond, Va.” addressed to Mrs. W. W. Gregg, Marion Court House, South Carolina. Part of backflap missing extending to top of the cover from original opening. This cover was mailed during the earliest months of the Confederate postal system, when Richmond -despite being the Confederacy’s largest and busiest post office - issued no provisional stamps or envelopes, instead continuing its long-standing reliance on handstamped rate devices. The bold two-line “PAID 5 Cts” is the most frequently encountered of the Richmond markings and is closely associated with Postmaster Thomas B. Bigger’s frugal, old-fashioned methods. The addressee, Mrs. W. W. Gregg, was the wife of William W. Gregg, regimental color sergeant of Maxcy Gregg’s 1st South Carolina Regiment, the first military unit authorized by South Carolina’s Secession Convention in December 1860. Company E of Gregg’s Regiment was raised from Marion County and initially stationed around Charleston until the fall of Fort Sumter, after which the regiment was transferred to Virginia. William Gregg was killed in action at Gaines Mill during the Seven Days Battles before Richmond in June 1862. An intriguing Confederate stampless usage combining a nice embossed commercial corner card with Richmond’s most iconic “PAID 5 Cts” handstamp. Ex Oswald. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
153			Richmond, Virginia folded letter sent to “Richard T. Archer, Esq., Port Gibson, Missi.,” bearing clear "Richmond, Va. Jul 14, 1861" cds with matching “PAID 10” in circle handstamp, indicating the 10c Confederate rate for single weight letters sent over 500 miles in effect after July 1, 1861. Minor staining at far right, otherwise fine appearing. Mailed just two weeks after the Confederate Post Office Department assumed control of mail service (June 1, 1861), this letter represents an early Confederate postal usage from the capital at Richmond. The contents reference contemporary military developments, including mention of General P. G. T. Beauregard and “Lincoln’s soldiers,” with the writer reporting that four Pennsylvania regiments had refused to cross the Potomac and that Union commander Patterson had fired upon them, resulting in casualties. The letter thus captures immediate wartime rumor, morale, and political sentiment during the opening months of hostilities. The addressee, Richard T. Archer of Port Gibson, Mississippi, was one of the wealthiest planters in the South and a prominent political figure in Claiborne County, making this correspondence part of a broader network of elite Southern communication during the Confederacy’s formative weeks. A fine and historically evocative early-war Confederate usage combining clear Richmond markings, intact “PAID 10” rate handstamp, and contemporary military commentary in the days immediately preceding the First Battle of Manassas. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
154			Richmond, Virginia black two-line “PAID 5 Cts” handstamp with matching “Richmond Va. Jul 24, 1861" cds on stampless cover addressed to Mrs. J. W. Walkup, Natural Bridge, Virginia. Lightly toned along edges and missing small parts of bottom right corner, all well clear of the postal markings. This is an excellent example of Postmaster Thomas B. Bigger’s long-standing reliance on handstamped rate markings rather than adhesives—a practice he carried into the Confederate period. Richmond, despite being the Confederacy’s busiest postal hub, never issued a provisional stamp or envelope; instead, all early-war mail was processed using handstamped “PAID” and rate markings such as the distinctive two-line “PAID 5 Cts” seen here. Addressed to Mrs. J. W. Walkup, wife of Reverend Joseph W. Walkup, a Presbyterian minister residing at Natural Bridge, Virginia—the small Shenandoah Valley community founded on land originally owned by Thomas Jefferson and located roughly 160 miles west of Richmond. The 5c rate correctly pays the Confederate single-letter distance charge for mail traveling under 500 miles. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$100.00 Will close during Public Auction
155			Soldier’s due adversity stampless cover with black “Richmond, Va. Aug 18, 1863” cds with matching straight-line “DUE 10” marking addressed to Mrs. Dan B. Edwards, Benton, Ala., endorsed “D. B. Edwards, Co. A, 44th Ala. Regt., Law’s Brigade, Hood’s Div.” The cover is fashioned from a Confederate printed roster sheet, an unusual and evocative example of wartime expediency, showing the roster text visible on the exterior without trimming or unfolding for display, very fine. The sender, Daniel B. Edwards, was a captain in Company A of the 44th Alabama Infantry, part of Law’s Brigade in Hood’s Division, Army of Northern Virginia. The 44th Alabama saw heavy and continuous service, including actions at Second Manassas, Harper’s Ferry, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, and Petersburg. Edwards commanded his company following Spotsylvania and later surrendered with Lee’s army at Appomattox Court House. At the time this letter was mailed in August 1863, the regiment had recently endured the severe losses of Gettysburg and was encamped around Richmond during the army’s reorganization and refitting. The “DUE 10” reflects the Confederate soldier’s rate, collected on delivery rather than prepaid, a common practice for active field correspondence during periods of logistical strain. The reuse of a roster sheet underscores both material shortages and the intensely personal nature of Confederate soldier mail - official military records transformed into vehicles for private family communication. A scarce and highly evocative Confederate adversity cover, combining soldier’s due postal usage, identifiable regimental provenance, and an exceptional example of recycled Confederate military ephemera from one of the Army of Northern Virginia’s hard-fighting Alabama units. Initialed by Patricia A. Kaufmann. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
156			Tudor Hall, Virginia stampless cover with black “Tudor Hall, Va. Sep 12, 1861" cds addressed to H. M. Mills, Granite Hill, Iredell Co., North Carolina, endorsed at lower left “E. M. McNeely / 4 Regiment – S Troops / Co A N.C.” with manuscript due "5” denoting unpaid Confederate postage. This is a classic early-war Confederate Soldier’s Due usage, sent without prepayment and assessed the 5c single-weight rate upon delivery under Confederate postal regulations, fine. The sender, Ezekiel McKessick McNeely (1837–1912), was a 24-year-old farmer from Iredell County, North Carolina, who enlisted on May 5, 1861, and was mustered into Company A, 4th North Carolina Infantry. Promoted to corporal on July 22, 1861, McNeely later saw combat at Seven Pines, where he was wounded on May 31, 1862, and was ultimately discharged on December 17, 1862, due to the severity of his wounds. Covers directly tied to identified soldiers with documented service records are especially desirable, offering a tangible connection between Confederate postal history and individual military experience. A fine and interesting North Carolina soldier’s due cover, illustrating early Confederate postal practices and personal correspondence from a documented deployed soldier during the opening months of the Civil War. Signed John L. Kimbrough (6-23-2000). (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
157			Tudor Hall, Virginia black “DUE 10” in arc handstamp with matching "Tudor Hall, Va Dec 25, 1861" cds on a double-weight soldier’s stampless cover endorsed at left "From L. P. Foster, 2d Lt., Comp K, 3rd Regt S.C. Vols.” and addressed to Miss Sallie A. Foster, Glenn Springs, Spartanburg District, S.C. for a distance of approximately 425 miles. Some light cover wear, though still a fine usage overall. Sent on Christmas Day 1861, this cover originated at Tudor Hall, the primary Confederate postal depot serving Manassas Junction during the first year of the war. Lt. Louis Perrin Foster, then a young South Carolina officer in the 3rd South Carolina Regiment, properly endorsed the cover so that the 10c postage could be collected from his sister upon delivery in South Carolina, under the Confederate soldier's letter privilege. At Tudor Hall, the Confederate clerks - working under the strain of massive military mail volume during the winter of 1861 - correctly applied the “DUE 10” in-arc rate marking to indicate postage owed by the recipient. The December 25th cds reflects processing at the height of the Christmas backlog frequently mentioned in contemporary correspondence. Lt. Foster would later rise to the rank of Captain of Company K, 3rd South Carolina, before being killed in the attack at Fredericksburg in December 1862. The addressee, his sister Sallie A. Foster, resided at Glenn Springs, a well-known sulfur-spring resort community in Spartanburg District. A highly desirable soldier’s due usage showing textbook application of the Tudor Hall due marking and clear military endorsement - an evocative Christmas Day letter linking the Manassas camps to the South Carolina home front during the first winter of the war. Signed by John L. Kimbrough (6-27-2007). (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction
158			Tudor Hall, Virginia stampless soldier's cover with clear black curved “Due 10” handstamp and matching "Tudor Hall, Va Jan 12, 1862" cds, addressed to Mrs. Jno. C. McClenaghan, Marion Court House, South Carolina. Manuscript docketing at top identifies sender as Capt. Jno. C. McClenaghan, 8th South Carolina Volunteers. The “Due 10” reflects the amount owed by the recipient for a double-weight cover traveling under 500 miles. Captain John C. McClenaghan served as an officer in the 8th South Carolina Infantry, a unit actively engaged in the Eastern Theater. Contemporary records indicate his service during the winter campaigns leading up to Manassas including citation for bravery at First Manassas while serving as regimental Quartermaster, adding clear military provenance to the cover. An attractive and historically significant early Confederate soldier’s cover, combining identifiable military origin, nice postal markings, and well-preserved appearance, illustrating the routine operation of Confederate postal rates and officer correspondence during the first full year of the Confederacy. Signed by John L. Kimbrough & initialed by Patricia A. Kaufmann (Image)	Current Opening Price...$300.00 Will close during Public Auction
159			University of Virginia, Virginia blue cds with manuscript due "10” Confederate rate marking on an overweight soldier’s stampless cover endorsed by “Your L. P. Foster, 2d Lt., Co. I, 3rd S.C. Rgt.” and addressed to Miss Sallie A. Foster, Glenn Springs, Spartanburg District, S.C. Mailed in 1861 for a distance of approximately 350 miles. Slight edge wear at right, but overall fine appearing. This cover was sent by 2nd Lt. Louis Perrin Foster while on detached duty in the Shenandoah Valley securing forage and provisions for Confederate forces operating in western Virginia. Lt. Foster correctly endorsed the cover with his name, rank, and military unit, enabling it to be sent as a properly marked “Soldier’s Letter” with postage due upon delivery by his sister. Although the University of Virginia maintained its own independent campus post office - separate from the Charlottesville post office - the clerk there appears to have been unfamiliar with new Confederate procedures. While the 10c rate was correctly noted in manuscript, the clerk neglected to add the required “Due” marking indicating postage to be collected from the recipient. A desirable early-war soldier's due usage from the University of Virginia post office, combining clear military provenance, correct soldier’s endorsement, and a clerical omission that sheds light on Confederate postal adjustments during the first months of the war. (Image)	Current Opening Price...$200.00 Will close during Public Auction

**Confederate Use of U.S. Postage & Stampless**
LotNo.	Symbol	CatNo.	Lot Description
160			Yorktown, Virginia stampless cover with very weak strike of “Yorktown Va.” cds and handstamped “PAID” (type A) without rate, addressed to Lexington, Virginia, with accompanying original letter datelined June 1, 1861, the first day of operation of the Confederate postal system. The enclosed correspondence, written by a young soldier serving in the defenses of Yorktown to his mother, is clearly dated and very likely entered the mails on June 1st - the first-day Confederate postal service. This cover reflects the beginning of the “Stampless Period” of Confederate postal operations, when U.S. stamps and postal stationery had been demonetized and Confederate general issues were not yet available, requiring reliance on manuscript and handstamped markings to indicate prepaid postage. The faint Yorktown origin marking and “PAID” handstamp illustrate the improvised nature of postal operations on the very first day of Confederate control. A historically significant first-day usage of the Confederate postal system, with original contents confirming June 1, 1861 origin. Accompanied by a 2026 Civil War Philatelic Society certificate confirming the cover is genuine with original letter clearly datelined "Yorktown June 1st / 61". (Image)	Current Opening Price...$750.00 Will close during Public Auction

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