transatlantic post continued...

1848, EUROPA: folded lettersheet with full content (list of good on elaborately printed letterhead "Fellmongers, Leather Dressers" from "NOTTINGHAM OC 13 1848"  to New York, paid "1/-", charged upon arrival with "24" cents, fine

1848, HIBERNIA: Folded lettersheet from "MÜNSTER 3/7 7-8A" endorsed "via England pr. Mailsteamer", paid "20" silbergroschen, to New York, upon arrival charged "24" cents retaliatory fee for delivery at port of arrival

1848, HIBERNIA: Folded letter dated "Zante 12 august 1848" to Boston, paid "3"d. local postage and "1/-" to the UK, carried per H.M.S. Volcano" and "Indus" via Malta and Southampton to London, charge paid by forwarder, upon arrival in Boston charged with "24" cents, fine

1848, TRENT: Folded lettersheet from "TRINIDAD JY 21 1848" to New York, per Royal Steam Packet "Eagle" to St. Thomas, from there in the "TRENT" to Bermuda and New York and charged again with "24" cents, fine and attractive with very few covers known from the West Indies

1848, AMERICA: Victoria 2d. blue and 1847 Embossed 10d. red-brown tied by numeral to envelope endorsed "p Royal mail packet" to new York, upon arrival charged with "12" cents (10c. as double letter and 2c. ship fee), adhesives with faults, yet and scarce entire from the first westbound voyage under the Restored Rate period

Get Market Data for [Great Britain 57] Visual Pricing Guide Sample Census

1848, EUROPA: Folded letter dated "Boston Decr 27- 1848" endorsed "p Steamer Europa" to London, unpaid, per Harnden Express with red cachet "FROM HARNDEN & Co. COMMISSION MERCHANTS NEW-YORK " alongside, charged "1/-" upon arrival

1849, CANADA: Folded letter dated "Brooklyn Feb 6th 1849" to Manchester, posted unpaid and charged "1/-" upon arrival, interesting entire of te last eastbound voyage in the restored rate period

1849, CANADA: Folded lettersheet from Boston (February 5th) endorsed "p Steamer Canada" to London, paid "48" cents., upon arrival charged with "2/-" as the Convention rate was not effective until the departure of February 15th., interesting entire of the last eastbound voyage of the Restored Rate Period

1849, EUROPA: Folded letter dated "Liverpool 9 February 1849" with matching red "PAID AT LIVERPOOL FE 9 1849" and "1/-" handstamp, endorsed "p. Europa", to New York, upon arrival charged with "6" for the ship fee, fine and attractive entire of the last westbound voyage under the Restored Rate Period

1849, EUROPA: Buff envelope from "Paris N.Y. Jan 6" with manuscript "Paid 29" to Broughty Ferry, Scotland with arrival mark "DUNDEE JA 23 1849", upon arrival charged with "1/-" as prepayment was not possible under the Restored Rate rules. The cover was paid for twice, some wear but an interesting entire from the first eastbound voyage in the Restored Rate period

1849 THE NEW TREATY RATE PERIOD

The early voyages had no accounting hand stamps. These were not available until late March in the Exchange Office in Liverpool and early April in the US and then in inadequate numbers for the volume of mail. For the first four months the system worked imperfectly.

1849, AMERICA: Folded letter weighing 2oz from Liverpool with red "PAID AT LIVERPOOL FE 24 1849" to New York, paid "4/-", manuscript credit of "20" cents to the US, some minor ink corrosion, a fine and interesting entire from the first westbound voyage under the new treaty

1849, AMERICA: Folded letter dated "New York July 3rd 1849" with "5" cents due handstamp alongside to Sheffield, reverse with "AMERICA LIVERPOOL JY 15 1849", upon arrival charged "1/-", fine

1849, CANADA: Folded lettersheet from London to New York, endorsed "p Steamship 'Canada' via Liverpool", U.S. debited with "19 CENTS", upon arrival charged with "24" cents, fine and scarce

1849, EUROPA: Folded lettersheet from London with red "PAID 5 AP 5 1849" alongside to Petersburg, Virginia, credit to U.S. with red "5 CENTS", further red "PAID SHIP" struck unnecessarily and inaccurately, fine

1849, HERMANN: Folded letter dated "St. Andrews Bay 4 th February" to Dublin, manuscript "Paid 24" at upper right, upon arrival red "PAID MR 11 1849" applied, fine entire conveyed on the first trip under the new contract

1849, NIAGARA: Folded lettersheet with manuscript despatch "Roanoke May 24th" to Tuam, Ireland."Paid 24" in manuscript for a ½oz letter, struck "19" as credit to the UK alongside, with arrival mark, fine

1849, NIAGARA: Small envelope from "LIVERPOOL 23 MR 1849" to New York, U.S. debited "19" in manuscript, upon arrival in New York charged with "24", fine entire of the third westbound voyage

1849, NIAGARA: Folded letter from "MANCHESTER MR 15 1849" to Philadelphia, U.S. credited "5" cents in manuscript, slightly stained, otherwise fine

After the signing of the 1848 Convention between Britain and the United States there was only one semieffective American steamship line on the North Atlantic - the Ocean Line. This soon changed. The Collins Line was the first addition in 1851, but between 1855 and 1857 there were four. By 1862 there were none and despite a brief revival at the end of the Civil War the same situation existed in 1868

1846, MASSACHUSETTS: Folded letter dated "London 17 Jan 1846" to New York, paid "8"d. outgoing ship letter fee with red "PAID SHIP LETTER LONDON 17 JA 17 1846", upon arrival "6" cents ship fee charged, interesting entire from the last out of only four voyages

1847, SARAH SANDS: Maiden Voyage, folded letter dated "Chichster 18th January 1847" and endorsed "By the Sarah Sands" to Milton, Massachusetts, paid "1/-", should have been "8"d, upon arrival charged "NEW-YORK SHIP 7 cents.", fine and scarce entire