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VERY FINE APPEARANCE. AN EXCEPTIONAL COMBINATION OF THE 5-CENT AND 10-CENT FIRST UNITED STATES GENERAL ISSUES ON ONE COVER. THIS IS THE ONLY RECORDED COVER WITH BOTH DENOMINATIONS OF THE 1847 ISSUE USED TO PAY THE TWO SEPARATE ACT OF 1845 LETTER RATES FOR DISTANCES UNDER AND OVER 300 MILES. A TRULY PHENOMENAL POSTAL HISTORY RARITY.
Most combination frankings are used to pay either rates to foreign destinations, or multiples of the basic rate due to excess weight. This is the only cover known where both stamps properly pay separate rates -- the 10c stamp for the over-300 miles rate from Buffalo to Albany, and the 5c stamp for the under-300 miles rate for forwarding to Albion.
Gideon Hard (1797-1885) was a New York lawyer and politician who served in the U.S. Congress as an anti-Mason and anti-Jacksonian representative from 1833 to 1837 (www.bioguide.congress.gov). He was also a member of the New York State Senate from 1841 to 1848. When this cover was mailed Hard was serving as an official Canal Appraiser (term Apr. 4, 1848, to July 1, 1850). As a government official who was well known in Albany, Hard probably purchased stamps and left them with the Albany postmaster or an agent for use as forwarding postage on letters addressed to him while he was in his home town of Albion. Hard later served as a county judge and surrogate for Orleans County N.Y., and he died in Albion in 1885.
This cover was discovered by Ezra Cole more than 60 years ago. It is illustrated in Classic United States Imperforate Stamps by Jon Rose and in Graham's "Postal History and Stamps: A Colorful Combination, 1847-1861" in the American Philatelist of April 1978.
Ex Sweet, Kapiloff and Rose. With Ashbrook notation on back. With 1992 P.F. certificate (Image)
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VERY FINE. A RARE AND BEAUTIFUL ILLUSTRATED LETTERSHEET DEPICTING THE CITY OF BOSTON AND SHOWING THE RATES OF POSTAGE FOR LETTERS, NEWSPAPERS, THE MILITARY IN MEXICO AND ALSO PENALTIES. A WONDERFUL POSTAL HISTORY ARTIFACT.
The Post Office Reform Act of 1845 greatly simplified the rate structure for sending mail. That simplified rate is shown here on a lettersheet used with the 5c 1847 Issue, with an admonition that "letters to different persons cannot be enclosed in the same envelope, under a penalty of ten dollars". (Image)