(Monterey) Monterey (Cal.), Jan 1. Manuscript postmark and "Paid 40" manuscript rate marking on cover to Manchester, New Hampshire "U.S.", Very Fine, an attractive New Year's Day prepaid 40¢ rate use from the first official Post Office in California. Estimate  $200 - 300. The Postal Act of March 3, 1847, authorized the establishment of a Post Office at Astoria on the Pacific Coast (in later Oregon) and set the rate of postage for letters between the United States and the Pacific Coast at 40c. That act also authorized the printing and use of the first postage stamps in the United States. The next year, gold was discovered at Sutter's Mill in the Mexican state of Alta California and, nine days later, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed. That treaty ended the Mexican-American War and ceded California to the United States. The Postal Act of August 14, 1848, authorized the establishment of Post Offices at San Diego, Monterey, San Francisco, and "other places on the Pacific Coast" as needed and set the rate of postage for letters sent between places on the Pacific Coast at 12½c.Monterey was the provisional capital of California under military rule before and after the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. A Post Office was applied for and granted and Captain William G. Marcy, Commissary and Quartermaster, was appointed postmaster. The appointment was approved by the Post Office Department on November 21, 1848. The only problem was that the three steamships that might carry the mails on the Pacific Coast via Panama were still en route from New York. In fact, none of the steamers had as yet even rounded Cape Horn.The first Pacific Mail Steamship Company ship to arrive on the Pacific Coast was the S.S. California. On board was William Van Voorhies who, as the Postmaster General's first Special Postal Agent in California, was charged with the task of setting up postal service on the Pacific Coast. The S.S. California reached Panama in January of 1849, where it picked up an unexpected cargo of Argonauts. The ship reached Monterey the following month. At Monterey, Van Voorhies delivered the first official mails to Captain Marcy along with Marcy's bond as postmaster, which he executed on February 23, 1849. The S.S. California arrived in San Francisco five days later, at which time the crew promptly deserted her for the goldfields. $0 (Image)