Modena: 1859 Arms 5c green, 15c brown, 20c grey, 40c red & 80c orange, all early 1890s Spiro forgeries in comp sheets of 25. "VFU" with various dotted or barred "pmks". SG ex 18-24 would cat £90,000+ if genuine. Great reference items! (5 sheets = 125 stamps) (Image1)

Estimate AU$200

Modena: 1852 Eagle 5c on green, 10c on rose, 15c on yellow, 25c on buff, 40c on blue & 1L on cream, all early 1890s Spiro forgeries in sheets of 25. 'VFU' with various cds, barred pr letters 'pmks'. SG ex 1-13 would cat £12,000 if genuine. Great reference items! (6 sheets = 150 stamps) (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$200

Papal States: 1852-64 Arms 2b black on greenish-white, UR cnr marginal with full impression of boxed 'BATH' embossed papermaker's marking over edge of stamp & margin. superbU, 4 margins. SG 13(var), Sass 3Ad cat €3000+. Very rare specialist item. 2022 Ceremuga photo cert. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$1,000

Papal States: 1852-64 Arms 50b deep blue (1864 printing from worn & rusted plates). F-VF fresh M, with partial original gum, 3+ large margins. SG 28 cat £27,000, Sass 12 cat €65,000. Extremely rare genuine mint classic. 2022 Ceremuga photo cert. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$8,000

Papal States: 1867 Arms 3c black on GREEN glazed paper, UNISSUED. This stamp was prepared as part of the new 1867 series of 6 denominations 3c to 80c, but before they were issued it was decided to change the postal rates and introduce a new 2c value. This new 2c was then prepared in green and thus the 3c changed to grey/drab color, and all sheets of the 3c green were then officially burned, with only couple single stamps retained in archives, Fresh UN (it was never gummed), pressed diag crease & expertly recolored surface rubbing etc, but beautiful bright color & fantastic appearance. SG 37a cat £250,000 = A$480,000, Sass 21 cat €240,000 = A$400,000 specifically for this condition as per footnote (cat €600,000=A$1,000,000 for perfect condition). Only 7 examples have ever been recorded, most of which are faulty. This is the rarest non-error stamp of Italian States & an important classic rarity of the world. 1978 Oliva, 1992 Dr Enzo Diena AIEP & 2023 Ceremuga photo-certs. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$100,000

Parma: 1852 Arms 5c black on yellow. Superb fresh M, original gum, 4 margins. SG 2 cat £225. Sass 1 cat €350. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$90

Parma: 1852 Arms 10c grey-black on white. VFU, diamond mesh pmk, 4 margins. SG 3 cat £225. Sass 2 cat €300. (Image1)

Estimate AU$70

Parma: 1852 Arms 10c grey-black on white. VFU, 4 margins. SG 3 cat £225. Sass 2 cat €300. (Image1)

Estimate AU$70

Parma: 1852 Arms 10c black on white. Superb U, Parma cds on piece, 4 margins. SG 4 cat £225+. Sass 2 cat €300+. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$90

Parma: 1852 Arms 10c black on white. VFU, diamond mesh pmk, 4 margins. SG 4 cat £225. Sass 2 cat €300. (Image1)

Estimate AU$70

Parma: 1852 Arms 15c grey-black on rose & 15c black on rose. VFU, 4 margins. SG 5 & 6 cat £270. Sass 3 & 3a cat €400. (2) (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$100

Parma: 1852 Arms 25c black on purple. F-VFU, almost 4 margins. SG 7 cat £375. Sass 4 cat €500. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$90

Parma: 1852 Arms 40c black on pale blue. VFU, 4 margins. SG 8 cat £1000. Sass 5a cat €1800. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$400

Parma: 1852 Arms 40c black on blue, on letter wrapper tied by square diamond mesh cancel with 'PARMA 12 GIUGNO' pmk at UR, with 'Piacenza 20 GIUG' red arrival b/s. VFU, 3½ margins. SG 9 cat £600 for loose stamp. Sass 5 cat €4800. Very rare & attractive classic cover. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$1,000

Parma: 1853-55 Arms 5c orange-yellow. F-VFU, almost 4 margins. SG 11 cat £1000. Sass 6 cat €1400. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$275

Parma: 1853-55 Arms 15c pale red. VFU, 4 margins. SG 12 cat £475. Sass 7b cat €700. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$130

Parma: 1853-55 Arms 15c red. VFU, 4 margins. SG 13 cat £375. Sass 7 cat €700. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$200

Parma: 1853-55 Arms 25c red-brown. VFU, 4 margins. SG 14 cat £600. Sass 8 cat €1000. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$275

Parma: 1853-55 Arms 25c deep brown. F-VF U, almost 4 margins, Parma 4 Febre 57 cds. SG 15 cat £500. Sass 8a cat €1000. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$220

Parma: 1853 Newspaper Tax Arms 9c black, h/s on newspaper piece, inscribed 'Parma'. VF, 4 margins. Sass B1 cat €1400 on piece & €3250 on newspaper. Very rare. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$350

Parma: 1853-57 Newspaper Tax Shield 6c black on rose. Superb U, with red cds, 4 margins. SG N1 cat £500+. Sass SG 1 cat €800+. Exp Diena, Kosack & Their. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$275

Parma: 1857-59 Arms Regency set 15c, 25c, 40c. F-VF U, diamond barred pmks, 3-4 margins. SG ex 16-21 cat £1425. Sass 9-11 cat €2400. Rare genuine set. (3). (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$400

Parma: 1857-59 Arms Regency 15c pale red. VFU with nice pmk, tiny thin, 4 margins. SG 16 cat £550. Sass 9 cat €700, plus premium for pmk. Exp Schlesinger & Their. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$180

Parma: 1859 Provisional Government 5c blue-green. Superb M, original gum, tiny thin in UR cnr margin only, 4 large margins. SG 28 cat £3250. Sass 12 cat €7000. Rare shade. 2022 Ceremuga photo cert. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$1,300

Parma: 1859 Provisional Government 5c deep blue-green. F-VF fresh UN, 3½+ margins, nice deep colour. SG 28 cat £3250. Sass 12a cat €7000 for M. Rare shade. 2022 Ceremuga photo cert. (P) (Image1)

Estimate AU$500