Confederacy, "Flag of Truce, Apl 4th 1864". Endorsement on cover addressed to "Col. Geo. S. Waring Jr., Comdg 1st Brig U.S. Cav., Raleigh Tenn.", original enclosure datelined "Hd. Qrs. Confederate Cav., Morning Sun Apl. 4th/64" and states "Capt Wenrick of the 19th Penn. was captured yesterday without wound, he is well cared for and sent to the rear", Very Fine, a scarce courtesy extended between Confederate and Union forces. Estimate  $300 - 400. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, "Immortal 600" Author J. Ogden Murray in Two Letters. Totalling 10 pages, written in 1901, Murray is gathering facts for his famous book that he would publish 4 years later. He describes in graphic detail the horrors that he and the Immortal 600 encountered as prisoners of war, F.-V.F. with transcription. Estimate  $1,500 - 2,000. He writes "….it certainly was the most wanton cruelty ever inflected upon human beings. Really when we tell the story people look at us and doubt our statement, what was more cruel than their medical treatment, no matter what was our complaint that no-headed cow doctor on Morris Island gave us an opium pill or a dose of Tamari Ginger. Their treatment was murder and every man who died on that trip was murdered by cruelty of Stanton and Genl. Foster, who are both dead and I believe are both in hell, where the whole Yankee outfit would go if I could send them….Our children should have a correct history of our treatment and those scaly-wags who took the oath should be held up to the scorn of every true man. It is a great pity you could not have taken Hilton Head and killed the last one of those devilish deserters. I hate a deserter more than I do a snake". $0 (Image)

Confederacy, "P.O. Dept./D. L.O./Aug. 17th '64/B-97-1". Confederate States Dead Letter Office marking and record number in bright red manuscript on 1853-55 3¢ Nesbitt entire with printed address crossed out and re-addressed to Bullitt & Fairthrom in New York City, postmarked red "Newberry C.H. S.C. May 21" cds cancelling indicia, Extremely Fine and choice. Estimate  $2,000 - 3,000. A very rare Confederate Dead Letter Office Cover with the manuscript marking, which was used concurrently with the handstamped oval for approximately ten days at the beginning of the War.Once the mail routes between the U.S. and C.S.A. were suspended, northbound mail was diverted to the C.S.A. Dead Letter Office. Fewer than ten examples of the C.S.A. Dead Letter Office markings (handstamp or manuscript) are reported, all diverted to the D.L.O. between May 21 and June 1, 1861.A similar cover from this same correspondence is illustrated in Special Routes (page 12). $0 (Image)

Confederacy, ("Immortal 600" - Charleston) Fort Delaware, Del. "Delaware City Del Jun 27" cds on cover to Baltimore Md. bearing 1861 3¢ rose (s.e. at left), tied by grid cancel, original enclosure from C.S.A. Gen. Edward Alleghany Johnson datelined "Fort Delaware, June 24. 1864" with great content, "I write to say adieu! I am among those headed to Charleston S.C. in retaliation for those Federal Officers who were placed under fire in Charleston by Genl. Sam Jones, C.S. Army…", Very Fine, with great historical content. Scott No. U.S. 65  Estimate $2,000 - 3,000. It was Johnson who led the Stonewall Brigade in the Gettysburg Campaign. During the Battle of Spottsylvanie Court House at the famous "Bloody Angle" section of the Confederate "Mule Shoe" defensive line, he was captured along with Brig. Gen. George H. Steuart. Johnson. He was transferred to be imprisoned on Morris Island and Fort Pulaski as part of the "600" to be used as human shields from the bombarding Confederate artillery of Charleston Harbor. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Andersonville Prison) Jacksonville, Fla./April 30, 1865. Buff cover endorsed "Soldiers Letter, John M Adams, Capt. 34th U.S.C." and addressed to Mrs. Vilery A. Harris in Duquoin Ill., light Jacksonville cds and "Due 3" circled handstamp, letter from Jordan C. Harris of Company A, 81st Infantry ex prisoner-of-war released from the infamous Confederate prison at Andersonville, Ga. states "Thank God I am out of prison well and now have the blessed privilege of writing freely my feelings to you.", Fine, contemporary references to Andersonville are scarce. Estimate  $500 - 750. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Blockade Related) 1861 Business Letter To J.R. Grimball, Adams Run P.O., So.Ca. Folded letter referring to shipment of goods, letter as follows: "Charleston, Dec 20, 1861, The fleet at No. Edisto [island near Charleston] has blocked the inland navigation south, for the present, but we hope the coasters [blockade runners] will be able to get home by X-mas…Mr. Prepley says he has not yet received my tidings of the Confederate Stock you subscribed for." Reverse side franked with four margin 1861 5¢ green Jefferson Davis, tied by double circle "Charleston, S.C." cds, Very Fine. Scott No. 1  Estimate $750 - 1,000. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Blockade Related) Henry Cobia & Co. Embossed cameo corner card on buff cover to Capt. Jos. Tucker in Wicasset Me., franked with U.S. 1852, 3¢ dull red, type II tied by "Charleston S.C., Paid, Oct 15" cds, with original 1853 letter, Very Fine. Scott No. U.S. 11A  Estimate $200 - 300. The firm of Cobia & Co. was a blockade runner in the Civil War. They owned the "Gem" that was active Aug. 1863 to Mar. 1865 and was 2 for 2 in successful trips. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Colleges) Trinity College, N.C./5 Nov. Neat cds tying 1863-64 10¢ blue (large even margins) on buff cover to Flat River, N.C., a manuscript "Due 10" rate has been added at top left, the letter was most likely overweight requiring the "Due 10" (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 82). Scott No. 11  Estimate $200 - 300. Trinity College, is now known as Duke University. Confederate college cancellations are quite scarce and highly sought after. The are only 12 known colleges with postal markings. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Colleges) University of Virginia, Va. Orange cover with light strike of "Richmond, Va./Aug. 18, 1861" cds with "Paid 5 Cts" (Dietz type V) rate handstamp, addressed in the hand of Colonel William N. Pendleton (later Brigadier General) to Mr. Launcelot Minor Blackford (later Lieutenant) at the University of Virginia. cover was forwarded to Lynchburg, Virginia with blue "University of Virginia, Va./Aug. 19, 1861" double circle postmark with matching blue "Forwarded" in oval and a 5 (Due) handstamp (Dietz type IA), Very Fine, This is the only known University of Virginia forwarded cover., ex-Powell (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 83). Estimate  $200 - 300. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Chester C.H., S.C./Jul. 18, 1863. Green double circle postmark tying 1863-64 10¢ blue on cover to Columbia, S.C., Very Fine and choice, a rare color cancel, Green cancellations are quite scarce with only 28 Post Offices using green ink. (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 85). Scott No. 12  Estimate $200 - 300. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Lisbon, Va./Feb. 12 (1862). Bold brown cds on small cover with matching straight line "Paid" handstamp with manuscript "5" rate to Arnoldton, Va., Extremely Fine and choice, Brown cancellations are scarce with only 54 Post Offices using brown ink. This perhaps the finest brown postmark. (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 84). Estimate  $200 - 300. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Lynchburg, Va./Dec. 17. Oily violet postmark tying 1863-64 10¢ blue (large margins) on cover (1863 or 1864) to Lovingston, Virginia, Very Fine. Scott No. 11  Estimate $150 - 200. There are only five Confederate towns and cities that are known to have violet cancellations. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Lynchburg, Va./Dec. 4 (1863 Or 1864). Bold brown cds tying superb 1863-64 10¢ blue (large even margins) on immaculate cover to Liberty, Virginia., Extremely Fine and choice, ex-McCarren (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 84). Scott No. 11  Estimate $200 - 300. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Morgantown, N.C./Aug. 8 (1862). green cds tying 1862 5¢ blue on cover to Major Robert McMillan, 24th Georgia Regiment, Gen. Cobbs Brigade, Richmond, Va., franked with additional 5¢ blue paying the 10¢ rate, both adhesives with manuscript "X" cancels, Very Fine, Green cancellations are quite scarce with only 28 Post Offices using green ink. (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 85). Scott No. 4  Estimate $300 - 400. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Color Cancels) Pendleton, S.C., Sep. 9. Light strike of violet cds tying 1863-64 10¢ blue (large margins) on immaculate cover (1863 or 1864) to Anderson Court House, South Carolina. The addressee, Reverend L. Scott Murray, was the first pastor of the Anderson First Baptist Church, Very Fine. Estimate  $100 - 150. There are only five Confederate towns and cities that are known to have violet cancellations. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Conscript Office) "Official". Manuscript imprint on legal size franked with 1863-64 10¢ milky blue (large margins) tied by "Danville, Va./May 12, 1863" cds (year date inverted) and addressed to Leatherwood, Va. included is original enclosure datelined "Conscript Office/Richmond May 2/'63" and "Circular" which reads, To Enrolling Officers, The attention of Enrolling officers is called to the fact that all persons to whom exemption or details have been granted are considered as enrolled conscripts & as such have no right to volunteer, but must be reported to a camp of Instruction for assignment should the detail or exemption be revoked., Very Fine. Estimate  $100 - 150. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Free Franks) W.P. Chilton/M.C. Blue manuscript free frank on 1862 cover to Greenville, Ala., franked with 1862 5¢ blue horiz. pair (four large even margins) tied by "Richmond, Va./Sep. 5, 1862" cds, Extremely Fine and choice (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 72). Scott No. 7  Estimate $150 - 200. Confederate Congressmen were granted a limited franking privilege by the Confederate Post Office Department but it did not give them the privilege of free postage enjoyed by their Federal counterparts. They were allowed to mail letters postage due as long as they franked them. However, it was the norm for Confederate Congressmen to frank their mail but not take advantage of the postage due privilege. This cover is a nice example where the Congressman franked the envelope but still paid the postage. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Free Franks) Wm. W. Boyce/M.C. Manuscript free frank on 1862 cover to his wife in his hometown of Winnsboro, S.C., postmarked "Richmond, Va." cds with matching "Due 5" straight line handstamp, Very Fine (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 72). Estimate  $150 - 200. Confederate Congressmen were granted a limited franking privilege by the Confederate Post Office Department but it did not give them the privilege of free postage enjoyed by their Federal counterparts. They were allowed to mail letters postage due as long as they franked them. However, it was the norm for Confederate Congressmen to frank their mail but not take advantage of the postage due privilege. This cover is a scarce example of a Congressman mailing a franked letter postage due. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) 1863, 10¢ Blue. Four large margins, hint of toning at bottom right, tied by "Lexington, Va./Jul.1" cds addressed to "Brig. Gen. Pendleton, Chief of Artillery, Army Northern Virginia, Care of Gen Lee, via Winchester", cover with trivial water stain, F.-V.F., a wonderful military address. Scott No. 11  Estimate $200 - 300. William Nelson Pendleton (December 26, 1809 ? January 15, 1883) was an American teacher, Episcopal priest, and soldier. He served as a Confederate general during the American Civil War, noted for his position as Gen. Robert E. Lee's chief of artillery for most of the conflict. After the war Pendleton returned to the priesthood and became a religious writer.Beginning in July 1861 Pendleton led the artillery of the Confederate Army of the Potomac, and on March 14, 1862, he continued in this role after the army was renamed the Army of Northern Virginia. On March 26 he was promoted to brigadier general. His most noted Civil War performance occurred during the 1862 Maryland Campaign. On the evening September 19 Lee gave Pendleton command of the rearguard infantry following the Battle of Sheperdstown, ordering him to hold the Potomac River crossings until the morning. Despite a commanding position from which to defend the fords, "Pendleton lost track of his forces and lost control of the situation." Awakening Lee after midnight, he frantically reported his position lost and all of his guns captured. This turned out to be a highly exaggerated and hasty account, as he lost only four guns, but he had pulled out the infantry "without sufficient cause." Richmond newspapers viciously reported on this incident for the remainder of the war, and unflattering rumors and jokes were spread by his own soldiers and throughout the army. At least one military court of inquiry was held to investigate Pendleton's actions at Sheperdstown.Throughout the war, he continues in his religious calling, always preaching to his men. Pendleton surrendered with Lee's army at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865, and was paroled from there and returned home. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Brigadier General James Chesnut, Jr. Pretty blue envelope addressed to "Hon James Chesnut Jr of South Carolina, Richmond, Va." franked with a pair of 1862 5¢ blue stamps (large margins to just touched at right) tied by Pocotaligo, S.C./, May 28 (1863) cds, At the time, Chesnut was a Colonel serving as aide to President Davis, Very Fine and choice. Estimate  $200 - 300. Brigadier General James Chesnut, Jr. was born in 1815 on Mulberry Plantation near Camden, South Carolina. Chesnut was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1852, where he believed in preserving slavery and the Southern way of life. With the election of Abraham Lincoln as president, Chesnut decided that he could no longer stay in his office in the Senate. On November 10, 1860, he withdrew from the Senate, being the first Southern senator to withdraw. He was expelled in absentia from the Senate the next year. Chesnut participated in the South Carolina secession convention in December 1860 and in the spring of 1861 he served as volunteer aide-de-camp to General Pierre G.T. Beauregard and participated in the capture of Fort Sumter. He later took part in the First Battle of Manassas with Beauregard. In 1862 Chesnut served as Chief of the Department of the Military of South Carolina. Later he was commissioned as a Colonel in the Confederate Army and appointed as aide-de-camp to Confederate President Jefferson Davis. On April 23, 1864, he was promoted to Brigadier General and given command of South Carolina reserve forces until the end of the war. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Brigadier General James Johnston Pettigrew. Attractive cover franked with 1861 5¢ green (just touched at bottom right) tied by bold "Accokeek, Va./Feb. 15, 1862" cds, envelope addressed by General Pettigrew to his bother William in Scuppernong, N.C., docketing at left indicating the letter was written on Feb. 13th and was from "General J.J. Pettigrew", Very Fine and attractive (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 43). Estimate  $200 - 300. Brigadier General James Johnston Pettigrew was born in Tyrrell County, North Carolina, on July 4, 1828. Upon graduation from the University of North Carolina in 1847, President Polk appointed him as an assistant professor at the Naval Observatory in Washington. He was elected to the South Carolina legislature in 1856. Active in the militia, he was a colonel in the 1st Regiment of Rifles in Charleston and saw service in Charleston Harbor during the fateful days of April 1861. In May 1861, he enlisted in Hampton's Legion where he was elected colonel of the 12th North Carolina Infantry Regiment. On February 26, 1862, he was commissioned as a brigadier general. His military service was marked with repeated bravery. During the Battle of Seven Pines he was wounded, bayonetted and captured. Upon his exchange two months later, he commanded the defenses of Petersburg, Virginia. He later commanded a brigade under Major General Henry Heth at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. When General Heth was wounded on the first day of fighting, General Pettigrew took command of his division and led them in "Pickett's Charge." Although wounded in the hand, he was one of the last to leave the field. After the Battle of Gettysburg, General Pettigrew was in command of a portion of the rear guard. During the Confederate retreat to the Potomac River, he was mortally wounded on July 14, 1863, at Falling Waters, Maryland, and died three days later near Bunker Hill, Virginia. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Brigadier General Stand Watie. Cover addressed to "Brig Gen Stand Watie, Comdg- Div. In. Terry (Commanding, Division Indian Territory), Boggy Depot, CN", and has a manuscript "Lampasas (Texas), April 17, 1865" postmark with a manuscript "Pd 10" rate, envelope endorsed "Official Business" in the upper right, reduced at left just affecting manuscript postmark, Very Fine, a very rare usage, ex-Bleuler (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 44). Estimate  $500 - 750. Brigadier General Stand Watie was the son of a full-blooded Cherokee father and half-blood mother. He attended an Indian mission school and became a planter. Later, he ran a Cherokee newspaper with his brother. At the outbreak of the Civil War, he commanded the 1st Cherokee Mounted Rifles with the rank of Colonel. Active as a cavalry raider, he commanded his troops at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge, and in many skirmishes in the Indian Territory and Arkansas. In May 1864, he was promoted to Brigadier General and commanded all Indian forces. He finally surrendered to Union forces on June 23, 1865, at Doaksville, Choctaw Nation. His command was the last Confederate force to surrender. Brigadier General Stand Watie was the only Indian General in the Confederate States Army.Notwithstanding there were 28 post offices in the Indian Nations, Confederate States covers from and/or to post offices in the Indian Nations are very rare. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Cadet Reuben C. Akers. Cover addressed to Cadet Reuben C. Akers, V.M.I. (Virginia Military Institute) in Lexington, Virginia, franked with 1863-64 10¢ blue (large even margins) tied by "Richmond, Va./Aug. 20, 1863" cds, Extremely Fine (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 47). Estimate  $150 - 200. Cadet Reuben C. Akers was a student at the Virginia Military Institute when he received this correspondence. Approximately nine months later, on May 15, 1864, Cadet Akers would find himself fighting courageously at the Battle of New Market (Virginia) as part of a battalion of teenage VMI cadets under the command of one of their professors, Lieutenant Colonel Scott Shipp. Of the 5,000 Confederates engaged, 247 were VMI cadets. Of the 247 that fought in the struggle, 10 were killed and 47 wounded for a casualty rate of 23%. Cadet Akers, who was part of VMI Company D, suffered a wound to his right arm but survived battle. Past professor at VMI, Lieutenant General Thomas J. (Stonewall) Jackson, CSA, would have been very proud of the gallantry displayed by the VMI cadets. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Col. Howell Cobb. Cover addressed to Cobb in Richmond & endorsed politeness of "Major W.H. Freeman/Forwarded by Mail", postmarked "Monroe, Ga./Oct. 21" cds with matching "Paid" straight line & "10" in circle handstamps, some wrinkles, small tear at top & small portion of flap torn away, Very Fine (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 42). Estimate  $75 - 100. Cobb who rose to the rank of Major General on September 9,1863. Cobb was a powerful Georgia politician who served as a Whig congressman, Georgia Governor and US Secretary of the Treasury. He was President of the Montgomery Convention which established the Confederacy and had the honor of swearing in President Jefferson Davis. $0 (Image)

Confederacy, (Military Related) Col. Randell L. Gibson. Cover addressed to Gibson in Columbus, Ky. & postmarked "Tigerville, La./Nov.29" (1861) cds with manuscript "Paid 10" rate, two sealed tears at top, Very Fine appearance (Pictured in Monroe Book, pg. 42). Estimate  $200 - 300. Colonel Randell L. Gibson was promoted to Brigadier General on January 11, 1864. This cover is from his family in his hometown of Tigerville, Louisiana, which in 1888 was renamed Gibson in his honor while serving as a US Senator. This Tigerville postmark is the only one known from this obscure South Louisiana town. It was sent to Confederate occupied Kentucky in 1861. $0 (Image)